韧皮部(内皮) phloem(inner bark)
原生韧皮部 Protophloem
初生韧皮部 primary phloem
次生韧皮部 secondary phloem
韧皮部分子 phloem element
木质部(木材) xylem(wood)
原生木质部 Protoxylem
初生木质部 primary xylem
次生木质部 secondary xylem; secondary wood
木质部分子 xylem element
初生长 primary growth
生长点 terminal growing point; apical growing point
顶端生长点 apical growing point
高生长 elongation; elongation of tree stem; grow length
细胞 Cell
母细胞 mother cell
子细胞 daughter cell
木栓细胞 phellem cell
木栓形成层 cork cambium phellogen
形成层原始细胞 cambial ray initial
纺锤形成层原始细胞 fusiform cambial initial
形成层射线原始细胞 cambial ray initial
木栓 Phellem
生长轮 growth ring
年轮 annual ring
尖削度 Taper
乔木 tall tree
圆材 round stuff
商用木材 commercial timber
温带树木 temperate-zone tree
热带木材 tropical wood
国产木材 domestic wood
林产品 forest products
软木 Cork
北半球 northern hemisphere
森林覆盖率 forest coverage; forest cover percent
森林覆盖面积 forest-covered area
季节性活动 seasonal activity
植物生长激素 plant growth hormone;
第2章
木材宏观构造
gross characteristic of wood
粗视结构特征 gross structure feature
对木材识别有价值的物理特性 The physical properties of wood of value inidentification
横切面 cross section
径切面 radial section
弦切面 tangential section
成熟树木 mature trunk
死皮(外皮) dead outer bark
活皮(内皮) living inner bark
心材 Heartwood
正常心材 normal heartwood
形成规则心材的树木 tree with regularly formed heartwood
形成不规则心材的树木 tree with irregular heartwood formation
受伤心材 wound heartwood
伪心材 false heartwood
内含心材 included sapwood
边材 Sapwood
边材树 sapwood tree
熟材树 ripewood tree
生长轮 growth increment
年轮 annual ring
早材 earlywood; springwood
晚材 latewood; summerwood
正常年轮 ring of normal type; normal growth increment
非正常年轮 ring of abnormal type
不连续年轮 discontinuous ring
伪年轮 false ring
木射线 wood ray ; xylary ray
髓射线 pith ray
极窄木射线 rays indistinct to the naked eye
窄木射线 rays distinct to the naked eye
宽木射线 broad ray
纺锤形木射线 fusiform ray
叠生木射线 storied ray
双列射线 biseriate ray
多列射线 multiseriate ray
薄壁组织 Parenchyma
射线薄壁组织 ray parenchyma
轴向薄壁组织 longitudinal parenchyma
上皮薄壁组织 epithelial parenchyma
离管型薄壁组织 apotracheal parenchyma
星散状薄壁组织 diffuse parenchyma
轮界状薄壁组织 terminal parenchyma
切线状薄壁组织 metatracheal parenchyma
宽带状薄壁组织 broad-bands parenchyma
傍管型薄壁组织 paratracheal parenchyma
环管束状薄壁组织 vasicentric parenchyma
翼状薄壁组织 aliform parenchyma
聚翼状薄壁组织 confluent parenchyma
无孔材 nonporous wood
有孔材 porous wood
环孔材 ring porous wood
散孔材 diffuse porous wood
半散孔材 semi-diffuse porous wood
半环孔材 semi-ring porous wood
胞间道 intercellular canal or duct
树脂道 risen canal
正常树脂道 normal resin canal
创伤树脂道 traumatic canal
髓斑 pith fleck
结构 texture
细结构 fine texture
粗结构 coarse texture
均匀结构 even texture
不均匀结构 uneven texture
纹理 grain
直纹理 straight grain
斜纹理 cross grain
螺旋纹理 spiral grain
材色 Color
光泽 Luster
气味 Odor
滋味 Taste
健全材 sound wood
重量 Weight
最轻材 the lightest wood
最重材 the heaviest wood
硬度 Hardness
软 Soft
硬 Hard
中硬 medium hard
甚硬 very hard
径切板 quartersawn lumber
弦切板 flatsawn lumber
木材的构造 structure of wood; wood structure
边材树种 sap wood trees
心材树种 heart wood trees
熟材 ripe wood
熟材树种 ripe wood trees
急变 abrupt transition
渐变 gradual transition
纵向树脂道 longitudinal resin canal
横向树脂道 transverse resin canal
星散状 Solitary
径列状 radial section
火焰状 flame-like
斜列状 Oblique
弦列状 tangential section
离管类 Apotrachel predominantly independent of the pores
傍管类 Paratracheal predominantly associated with the pores
髓心 pith heart center









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